INDUSTRY
India is endowed with plenty of natural resources to fulfil most of our needs. Many of these resources, however, cannot be used directly. For example, we cannot use cotton, wood or iron ore directly, so we need to convert them into usable materials. The process of transformation of natural resources into more useful products with the help of manual labour and machines is called industry or manufacturing. Commonly used things like watch, pen, copy, fan, television etc.,are industrial products.
TYPES OF INDUSTRIES
There are many types of industries in India. Industries can be divided on the basis of their size and on the basis of the raw material used.
On the basis of size, industries can divided into - cottage industry, small scale industry and large scale industry.
Cottage Industry
A cottage industry is set up by people in their homes. Simple tools are used for production in these industries. Cottage industries use raw materials that are available close by. Weaving cloth on handlooms, extracting coconut oil, grinding flour and species are some examples of cottage industries. Some cottage industries manufacture toys, baskets, leather goods and other handicrafts. Mostly family members are employed for the manufacturing activities in these industries.
India is endowed with plenty of natural resources to fulfil most of our needs. Many of these resources, however, cannot be used directly. For example, we cannot use cotton, wood or iron ore directly, so we need to convert them into usable materials. The process of transformation of natural resources into more useful products with the help of manual labour and machines is called industry or manufacturing. Commonly used things like watch, pen, copy, fan, television etc.,are industrial products.
TYPES OF INDUSTRIES
There are many types of industries in India. Industries can be divided on the basis of their size and on the basis of the raw material used.
On the basis of size, industries can divided into - cottage industry, small scale industry and large scale industry.
Cottage Industry
A cottage industry is set up by people in their homes. Simple tools are used for production in these industries. Cottage industries use raw materials that are available close by. Weaving cloth on handlooms, extracting coconut oil, grinding flour and species are some examples of cottage industries. Some cottage industries manufacture toys, baskets, leather goods and other handicrafts. Mostly family members are employed for the manufacturing activities in these industries.
Small scale industry
A small scale industry uses small machines and employs more people than the cottage industry. It requires more money and raw materials than a cottage industry. Small scale industries make hosiery items, electronic and automobile parts, utensils, furniture, clothes, etc.
Large scale industry
A large scale industry is a very big manufacturing industry. It employs thousands of workers to produce good in very large quantities. Huge machines are used for this purpose. For example, locomotives, petroleum refinery and various types of alloy manufacturing industries. Ship building and iron and steel factories are also examples of large scale industries. They play a vital role in the development of the nation.
On the basis of raw materials, the industries can be divided into
- Agro based industries
- Mineral based industries.
Agro based industries are the ones where the raw materials is obtained from agriculture. Cotton cloth, sugar, jute, etc.are some products of agro industry.
Mineral based industries
Mineral based industries are the ones where the raw materials is obtained from mineral products. Electrical goods, oil, etc.,are the by products of mineral based industry.
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